Veterinary medicine and animal care in ancient Maghreb
Keywords:
Ancient Maghreb, veterinary medicine, animal diseases, animal status and utilisation, animal treatmentAbstract
Veterinary medicine, or more accurately animal medicine during the period under study, is considered one of the fundamental branches of medicine. It works to protect animals and maintain their health and treat injuries. It also plays a part in preventing humans from contracting diseases that can be transmitted through infection, as well as combatting pandemics and diseases that could have a devastating effect on the environment. This research paper aims to clarify the history of veterinary medicine and its role in various ancient civilisations, leading to the Maghrebi cultures. It begins by emphasising the importance of wild and domestic animals, drawing on sources that cover animal care and treatment methods.
Downloads
References
Abdul Ali Kamel Mustafa. Studies in the History of Ancient Libya, Al-Ahli Press, Benghazi, Libya, 1966.
Al-Tayyib Qadeem, 'Natural Phenomena and Animals in Pagan Beliefs of the Ancient Maghreb', Journal of Islamic Sciences and Civilisation, Vol. 4, No. 2, Research Centre for Islamic Sciences and Civilisation, Laghouat, Algeria, 2019.
Bertrand F., 'Notes on the Trade of Wild Beasts Between North Africa and Italy', 2nd century AD, Mélanges de l'École française de Rome antique, vol. 99, 1987.
Brahimi, K., 'Introduction to Prehistory in Algeria', translated by Mohamed Al-Bashir Shniti, Algeria, 1982.
Charles Daniels. 'The Garamantians, the Ancient Inhabitants of Southern Libya', translated by Ahmed Al-Yazouri, Dar Al-Farjani, Tripoli, 1991.
Gagnot (R). Carthage, Timgad, Tebessa and the Ancient Cities of North Africa. Librairie Renouard, Paris, 1909.
Gerges Tanous. 'The Truth in Animal Medicine.' Beirut, 1881.
Hamad Shawkat Shati. The History of Veterinary Medicine, Ethics and Notable Figures, First Edition, University of Damascus Press.
Hanan Bin Nasser and Wafa Mrghani. 'Medicine and Pharmacy in the Medieval Maghreb'. Al-Wadi University, 2017.
Hasiba Bahman. 'The importance of elephants in the lives of ancient Maghreb societies', Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, Vol. 21, No. 2, Ahmed Driya University, Adrar, Algeria, 30 June 2022.
Herodotus. Histories, trans. E. Legrand, Les Belles Lettres, Paris, 1948, vol. 4.
Herodotus. The Fourth Book of Herodotus' Histories (The Scythian and Libyan Books), translated by Mohamed Mabrouk Al-Dweib, National Library, Libya, 2002.
Imad Bounqabb. 'Climate Change During the Roman Period: Between Fact and Hypothesis'. Ma'arif Journal, Volume 19, Issue 2, University of Hajj Lakhdar, Batna, December 2024.
Izzat Zaki Hamid Qadoos. 'Depicting Daily Life through North African Mosaics in the Roman Era: Wild Animals as Examples'. Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Daily Life in Ancient Times, Papyrus and Inscriptions Studies Centre, Ain Shams University, Egypt, 2016.
Jihan Dizeng. 'The Original Berbers: A General History of Africa', Toronto, Volume 2.
Joshua J'ai Marc. 'A Brief History of Veterinary Medicine.' Medical History, Soolking, 2020.
Khazal Al-Majdi. 'Religions and Beliefs in Prehistory'. Dar Al-Shorouk, Amman, Jordan, 1997.
Lakhder Ben Bouzid. 'The camel in prehistoric North Africa', Journal of Human and Social Sciences, Issue 6, June 2013, Biskra University, Algeria.
Linda Balkasimi and Jawhar Ibrahim. 'Rock Art in the Aflal Area of the Idimir, Western Ahaggar, Central Sahara', Ansanah Journal for Research and Studies, Vol. 14, No. 1, Zian Achour University, Djelfa, 2023.
Mahir Sha'ab Abdul Salam. 'The Garamantes: Traders of the Desert', Social Science Journal, Vol. 7, No. 1.
Masa'i Mohammed Fawziya and Bilal Mohammed. 'The Independence of Animals in the Provinces of Africa Proconsularis and Numidia through Mosaics'. The Cross Journal for Historical and Archaeological Studies in North Africa, Vol. 4, No. 2, Ibn Khaldun University, Tiaret, 2021.
Massicotte (J. P.) and Lessard (C.), 'The History of Sports from Ancient Times to the 4th Century'. Presses de l’Université de Québec, Canada, 1984.
Mohamed Al-Bashir Shniti. "Illuminating the History of Ancient Algeria: Research and Studies." Dar Al-Hekma, Algeria, 2003.
Mohamed Al-Bashir Shniti. Algeria Under Roman Occupation: A Study of the Military Governance System and the Resistance of the Moors', Volume 1, Central Publications Office, Algeria, 1999.
Mohamed Al-Sagheer Ghanem. 'Sertah, the Numidian: Origins and Development'. Dar Al-Huda, Ain Melila, Algeria, 2008.
Mohamed Al-Sagheer Ghanem. 'Sites and Civilisations in Prehistoric Areas of the Ancient Maghreb.' Dar Al-Huda, Algeria, 2003.
Mohamed Sulaiman Ayyub. Garma: A History of Libyan Civilisation, Dar Al-Masrati, Tripoli, 1969.
Nadia Fanoos. 'The Pharaohs: The First Veterinarians in History', Sada El-Balad News, Egypt, 21 October 2018.
Najwa Imad Suleiman. 'Lecture on the Nature of the Veterinarian, His Roles and Responsibilities.' Behavioural Veterinary Ethics, Tikrit University, Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research, Iraq.
Noble Veterinary Clinic. 'Veterinary Specialties: Areas of the World and Tasks'. Dubai Investment Park, Dubai, 21 February 2025.
Sabiha Ouikel and Balkhair Baqqa. 'The Status of Women in Ancient Morocco', Humanities Journal, Volume 8, Issue 2, Part 2, July 2019.
Salah bin Abdulaziz Al-Shami. 'What is Veterinary Medicine? And What is its Importance to Society?' Saudi Veterinary Medical Association, King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia, 16 September 2021.
Salim Saidi, 'The Lion and Its Significance in the Ancient Maghreb', Tabna Journal for Scientific and Academic Studies, Vol. 3, No. 2, Qalam University, Algeria, 2020.
Salim Saidi, 'The Numidian Horse through Material Sources', Journal of Social Studies and Research, Issue 27, Shahid Hama Lakhdar University, 2018.
Salim Saidi, 'The Snake and Its Symbolism in the Ancient Maghreb', Historical Horizons Journal, Volume 2, Issue 4, 8 May University, Qalam, Algeria, 2020.
Salim Saidi. 'Elephants and their role in the Punic Wars (265–202 BC)', Historical Studies Journal, Vol. 21, No. 1, Abdel Hamid Mehri University, Constantine, 2020.
Salim Saidi. 'Hunting Wild Animals through Mosaics in North Africa'. A'sour Journal, Volume 18, Issue 1, June 2019.
Shaban Taghrid Ali. 'Wild Animals through Roman African Mosaics'. PhD dissertation, Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, University of Tunis I, 2001.
Siti Sunduq. 'Horses and Chariot Racing in North Africa', New Ages Journal, Volume 12, Issue 2, published by the History Laboratory of Algeria, Faculty of Human and Islamic Sciences, University of Oran, 2022.
Stephen Ghazal. History of Ancient North Africa, translated by Mohamed Al-Tazi Saud, vol. 5.
Strabo. Geography, 113rd edition, Gallimard, translated by Amédée Tradieu, Paris, 1880.
Strabo. Geography, translated by Hassan Michael Isaac, Dar al-Ruslan Foundation, Damascus, 2017.
Warmington, B. H. 'The Carthaginian Era: General History of Africa', Toronto, 1985, Volume 2.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 The International tax journal

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.


